Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella

                         Measles, Mumps, Rubella and                                      Varicella ( MMRV ) Vaccine                       MMRV Vaccine can prevent measles, mumps, rubella, and  varicella. MEASLES (M) causes fever, cough, runny nose, and red,watery eyes, commonly followed by a rash that covers the whole body. it can lead to seizures ( often associated with fever ), ear infections, diarrhea, and pneumonia. Rarely, measles can cause brain damage or death. MUMPS ( M ) causes fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, loss of appetite,and swollen and tender salivary glands under the ears. it can lead to can lead to deafness, swelling of the brain and/ or spinal cord covering, painful swelling of the testicles or ovaries, and very rarely, death. Rubella ( R ) causes fever, sore throat, rash, headache, and eye irritation. it can cause arthritis in up to half of teenage and adult women. if a person gets rubella while they are pregnant, they could have a miscarriage or the baby could be born with serious birth defects. VARICELLA ( V ), also called " chickenpox." causes an itchy rash in addition to fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, and headache. it can lead to skin infections, pneumonia, inflammation of the blood vassels, swelling of the brain and/ or spinal cord covering and infection of the blood, bones, or joints. some people who get chickenpox get a painful rash called " shingles " ( also known as herpens zoster ) years later. Most people who are vaccinated with MMRV will be protected for life. vaccine and high rates of vaccination have  made these these diseases much less common in the United States.MMRV Vaccine may be given to children 12 months through 12 years of age,usually: First dose at age 12 through 15 months Second dose at age 4 through 6 years  MMRV vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. instead of  MMRV, some children might receive separate short for MMR ( measles, mumps, and rubella ) and varicella. your health care provider can given you more information. the following individuals should NOT receive MMR or should wait moderate or severe acute illness with fever 38.5 C serious allergic reaction to a previous dose of measles-containing or varicella-containing vaccine known history of severe allergy to gelatine or certain antibiotics individuals with severe immunosuppression from diseases or treatment, e.g immunodeficiency on current cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy taking immunosuppressive medicines, such as high dose corticosteroid family history of congenital or hereditary immunodeficiency untreated active tuberculosis received immunoglobulin or other blood products ( e.g blood transfusion ) within the past 11 months has received other live vaccine in the past four weeks, or has received varicella-containing vaccine in the past three months pregnancy.What are the side effects? In general, MMR vaccine is safe and well tolerated. about 20% to 25% of  children may have minor local reaction after vaccination, such as pain, redness or swelling at the injection site. these symptoms are usually self - limiting. some children may develop fever 5 - 12 days after vaccination, but the fever will usually subside within 2 - 5 days. parents can use anti-fever medication to relieve the symptoms. A small fraction of children may have febrile convulsion. some children may become irritable or acquire upper respiratory infection after vaccination, but these symptoms are usually mild and self - limiting. A small number of children may develop a rash 1-2 weeks after vaccination, but it will usually disappear after a few days. latent infections leading to herpes zoster have been reported but the majority of cases have been mild and have not been associated with complications.                                                                                                                                    

      

Chickenpox Vaccine

                     Chickenpox/Varicella Vaccination                                                                                                                                                                                                                           The varicella vaccine protect against chickenpox(varicell ),a common and very contagious childhood viral illness. it also protects againts shingles. it is a live attenuated vaccine, which means it contains a weakend form of the virus. chickenpox Immuni Chickenpox Immunization Schedule the varicella vaccine is given as a shot when kids are between 12 and 15 months old. they get a booster shot for further protection at 4 to 6 years of age. kids who are older than 6 but younger than 13 who have not had chickenpox or the vaccine should get the 2 doses given 3 months apart. kids 13 years or older should get their 2 vaccine doses 1 to 2 months apart. sometimes the varicella vaccine is given in combination with the vaccine for meales, mumps, and rubella, in a vaccine called MMRV. kids up to 13 years old can get this vaccine. why is the chickenpox Vaccine Recommended? chickenpox used to be common in the US, causing many hospitalizations and even deaths. since the vaccine was introduced in 1995, it has prevented millions of infections every year. it prevents severe illness in almost all kids who are vaccinated. it's also very effective in preventing mild illness. vaccinated kids who do get chickenpox generally have a mild case. if a personal with no immunity to the virus is exposed to someone with chickenpox or shingles, they are likely to get infected because the virus is so contagious. giving the vaccine within 3 to 5 days after exposure can held to prevent the infection. chickenpox is a very contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). it causes a blister-like rash, itching, tiredness, and fever. chikenpox used to be very common in the united states. each year, chikenpox caused about 4 million cases, about 10,600 hospitalizations and 100 to 150 deaths. two doses of the vaccine are about 90% effective at preventing chikenpox. when you get vaccinated, you protect yourself and others in your community. this is especially important for people who cannot get vaccinated, such as those with weakened immune systems or pregnant women.some people who are vaccinated against chikenpox may still get the disease. however, it is usually milder with fewer blisters and little or no fever. talk with your healthcare professional if you have questions about chikenpox vaccine.                                                                                                                               

   

Measles,Mumps & Rubella ( MMR ) Vaccine

                      Your Child's Immunizations: Measles,                    Mumps & Rubella (MMR) Vaccine                               The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella German measles. MMR Vaccination Schedule Children get the MMR vaccine by injection in 2 dose: at the age of 12-15 months at the age of 4-6 years children can get the vaccine as early as 6 months of age. they should still get the usual doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years of age. if they are staying in an area where the risk of disease is high, they should get the first dose at 12 months and the second at least 4 weeks later. older children can also get the vaccine if they didn't get it when they were younger. doctors sometimes given MMR along with the chickenpox vaccine in a vaccine called MMR. the U.S has recently had outbreaks of mumps and measles. an outbreak is when a disease occurs in greater numbers than expected in a particular area. during an outbreak, doctors may recommed a third dose of the vaccine for some people. if  you have questions about vaccinating your family during an outbreak, call your doctor or your state or local health department. Why is MMR Recommended? Measles, mumps, and rubella are infections that can lead to serious illness. More than 95% of children who get the MMR vaccine will be protected from the three diseases throughout their liver. possible risk of the MMR vaccine serious problems such as allergic reactions are rare. Mild to moderate side effects can happen, such as rash, fever, swollen cheeks, febrile seizures, and joint pain. when to delay or Avoid MMR Immunization the MMR vaccine is not recommended if your child: had a serious allergic reaction to an earlier dose of MMR vaccine, or components of the vaccine, which include gelatin and the antibiotic neomycin has a disorder that affects the immune system ( such as cancer ) is taking steroids or other medicine that weakens the immune system is undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy.                                                                                             

Pneumococcal Vaccine

                           Pneumococcal vaccine for babies

The pneumococcal vaccine help protect againts illnesses and conditions caused by pneumococcal bacteria. What illnesses and conditions are caused by pneumococcal bacteria? Pneumococcal infection is caused by pneumococcal bacteria.it can cause serious illness such as pneumonia, and is one of the most common causes of meningitis (an infection of the lining of the brain). pneumococcal infection can causes bronchitis ear and sinus infections a life threatening infection of the blood septicaemia meningitis pneumonia which can also be life threatening Children under 2 years of age and children with certin health condition have a higher chance of becoming unwell with pneumococcal infections. how common are pneumococcal bacteria up to 60% of children carry pneumococcal bacteria in the back of their nose and throat. they constantly pass these bacteria around by coughing, sneezing and close contact.why should a baby be vaccinated? the pneumococcal vaccine provides some protection against meningitis caused by pneumococcal infection, and againts other condition such as severe ear infections and pneumonia caused by pneumococcal bacteria.this vaccine doesn't protect against meningitis caused by other bacteria or viruses. who is eligible for the vaccine? some children are at an increased risk from pneumococcal infection. all at risk children will be offered the vaccine according to the childhood immunisation programme. if you are't sure about your child's health or need further advice, speak to your health professional.                                                                                                                                                       

Pneumococcal Vaccine ( PCV , PPSV )

                              Children's Immunization                     Pneumococcal Vaccine ( PCV, PPSV ) 

           The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( PCV13 ) and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccin (PPSV23) protect against pneumococcal infections. the bacteria that cause these infection spreadthrough person-to-person contact. they can lead to serious infection like pneumonia, blood infections,and bacterial meningitis.PCV13 protect against 13 types of pneumococcal bacteria, which cause the common pneumococcal ( new - muk - KOK - uh1 ) infections in kids, PPSV23 protects against 23 types these.vaccines prevent infections in children who get them, and help stop the infections from spreading to othe. When are PCV and PPSV Immunizations Given? Infants get PCV13 Immunizations as a series of four injections; the  first at 2 months of age the at 4 months, 6 months, and 12-15 months Some kids older than age 2 also might need a shot of PCV13 if they have missed one or more shots, especially if they have a chronic health condition or a condition that weakens the immune system. A doctor can decide when and how often a child should get PCV13. Doctor also recommend PPSV23 Immunization for kids 2-18 years old with some kinds of chronic health condition.these include: heart,lung or liver disease diabetes kidney failure a weak immune system(such as from cancer, HIV infection,or problema with the spleen)cochlear implants cerebrospinal fluid leak.                                                                                       

Rotavirus Vaccination

                                Rotavirus Vaccination Pronounced                                                 (Row-Tuh-Virus)  

             Rotavirus spreads easily among infants and young children. The virus can cause severe watery diarrhea,     Vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain. Children who get rotavirus disease can become dehydrated and may need to be hospitalized.good hygiene like handwashing and cleanliness are important, but are not enough to control the spread of the disease. Rotavirus vaccine is the best way to protect your child against rotavirus disease. most children about 9 out of 10 who get the vaccine will be protected from severe rotavirus disease. about 7 out of 10 children will be protected from rotavirus disease of any severity.   

        Two Rotavirus Vaccine are currenty licensed                              for infants in the United States.

RotaTeq( RV5 )is given in 3 doses at ages 2 months, 4 months, and 6month 

Rotarix ( RV1 )is given in 2 doses at ages 2 months and 4 months 

     The first dose of either vaccine should be given before a child is 15 weeks of age. children should receive all doses of rotavirus before they turn 8 months old. Both vaccine are given by putting drops in the child's mouth.

Reminder to parents that we should not forget to vaccinate our children because this will help avoid diseases. 

Polio Vaccine (IPV)

  Immunizations: Polio Vaccine (IPV)

                                             What is Polio?

Polio is an infection caused by a virus that can lead to permanent paralysis.

IPV Immunization Schedule Children usually get the inactivated poliovirus vaccine IPV at ages 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, and 4-6 years.

Sometimes IPV is given in a combination vaccine along with other vaccines. in this case, a child migth receive a fifth dose of IPN.this is safe.

The oral poliovirus vaccine OPV is a weakened live vaccine  that is still used in many parts of the world, but hasn't been used in the United States since 2000. Using IPV eliminates the small risk of developing polio after receiving the live oral polio vaccine.

OPV doses given before April 2016 can count toward a child's U.S. polio vaccination requirements. doses given after that will not count.